Mafuta a transformer Mu mkhalidwe wa madzi, chosinthira madzi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa, kusunga, kugwiritsa ntchito chikhoza kulowetsedwa ndi madzi akunja kapena mafuta okha, madzi opangidwa adzakhalapo m'magawo otsatirawa: choyamba ndi madzi aulere. Chachiwiri ndi chakuti tinthu tating'ono kwambiri timasungunuka m'madzi. Molekyulu ya ulusi woteteza ndi molekyulu ya shuga (C6H12O6). Madzi akalowa mu molekyulu ya ulusi, amachepetsa kukopa kwake, amalimbikitsa hydrolysis yake kukhala zinthu zochepa zamamolekyulu, ndipo amachepetsa mphamvu ya makina ndi kuchuluka kwa polymerization ya ulusi.

Pakadali pano, chosinthira mphamvur si imodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri komanso zodula kwambiri mu dongosolo lamagetsi, komanso ndi imodzi mwa zida zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zambiri mu dongosolo lamagetsi. Transformer isanagwe mwadzidzidzi, kuwonongeka kwa insulation ndi vuto lobisika kudzabweretsa zotsatira zingapo ndi chidziwitso monga kuwala, magetsi, phokoso, kutentha ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala pansi pa mphamvu ya magetsi ogwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, sikuti kukonza koteteza kokha kochokera ku mayeso oteteza kuyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse kunyumba ndi kunja, komanso njira zokonzeratu zolosera kutengera kuwunika pa intaneti zikuphunziridwa kuti ziwunikire ndikuzindikira zolakwika kapena zolakwika zomwe zingachitike pa intaneti nthawi yeniyeni kapena nthawi zonse. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mu mafuta oteteza transformer ndi gawo lodziwira mtundu wa insulation wa transformer. Zipangizo zodziwira zanzeru za transformer pa intaneti zimatha kusonkhanitsa zokha, kusanthula zomwe zili mu mafuta ndikupeza chomwe chayambitsa kulephera, kupereka mayankho, ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake kuthetsa zoopsa zobisika zomwe zili mu transformer, kuti apewe ngozi.

1. Mkhalidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa chinyezi mu mafuta a transformer

Transformer ikagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa, kusungira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, ikhoza kulowa ndi dziko lakunja kapena okosijeni wa mafuta kuti ipange madzi, madzi opangidwa adzakhalapo m'maboma otsatirawa:

Limodzi ndi madzi aulere. Pakulowa kwa madzi kunja, monga momwe sizimavuta kusakaniza ndi madzi. Sizimakhudza mphamvu ya mafuta yosweka, komanso sizimalola, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti pakhoza kukhala madzi osungunuka mu mafuta, chithandizo chachangu.

Chachiwiri ndi chakuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri timasungunuka m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri kuchokera mumlengalenga kupita mu mafuta, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri mphamvu ya mafuta kusweka. Kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwapakati, mafuta oyeretsera vacuum.

Chachitatu, madzi osungunuka. Kuyeretsa mafuta kumakhala koipa, kapena kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kumapangitsa kuti mafuta akalamba, kapena mafuta aipitsidwa ndi emulsification, kuchepetsa kupsinjika pakati pa mafuta ndi madzi, monga mafuta ndi madzi osakanikirana, kumapanga mkhalidwe wosungunuka. Onjezani demulsifier.

Kuipa kwake: chimodzi ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya magetsi yophwanyika ya zinthu zamafuta. Mphamvu ya magetsi yophwanyika ya 100 ~ 200mg/kg yatsika kufika pa 1.0kV, zinyalala za ulusi mumafuta zimayamwa madzi mosavuta, pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi, kupangika kwa "mlatho" woyendetsa pakati pa ma electrode, kotero ndikosavuta kusweka.

Chachiwiri ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yotayika ya chinthucho. Madzi osungunuka omwe amasungunuka amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ndipo safanana. Molekyulu ya ulusi woteteza ndi molekyulu ya glucose (C6H12O6). Madzi akalowa mu molekyulu ya ulusi, amachepetsa kukopa kwake, amalimbikitsa hydrolysis yake kukhala zinthu zochepa zamamolekyulu, ndipo amachepetsa mphamvu ya makina ndi kuchuluka kwa polymerization ya ulusi. Mayeso akuwonetsa kuti 120℃, ulusi woteteza mu chinyezi umawonjezeka ndi nthawi imodzi, mphamvu ya makina ya ulusi imachepa ndi 1/2, kutentha kukakwera, madzi mumafuta amawonjezeka, madzi mu ulusi amachepa, kutentha kumachepa, mosiyana. Chifukwa chake, chinyezi mumafuta chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa, motero ukalamba wa ulusi woteteza uyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Chachinayi ndichakuti madzi amalimbikitsa mphamvu ya dzimbiri ya ma organic acid ndikufulumizitsa dzimbiri ya zigawo zachitsulo. Mwachidule, kuchuluka kwa madzi mumafuta, kukalamba kwa mafuta okha, kukalamba kwa zida zotetezera ndi kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zachitsulo, kotero ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi mumafuta, makamaka kuchuluka kwa madzi osungunuka.

2. Njira yoyesera chinyezi mu mafuta oteteza transformer

Kuwunika kwa chinyezi mu zinthu zotetezera kutentha ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti chitsimikizire kudalirika ndi moyo wa ntchito ya transformer. Chinyezi mu mafuta otetezera kutentha chimasintha nthawi zonse, zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri ubwino. Kuphatikiza apo, chinyezi chambiri chimagawidwa mu pepala lotetezera kutentha. Chinyezi chimakhudza mphamvu ya dielectric breakdown ya zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi zotetezera kutentha, ndipo chimakhudza kuchuluka kwa ukalamba wa zinthu zotetezera kutentha za cellulose komanso chizolowezi cha kupangika kwa thovu panthawi yodzaza.

Kutentha kwa malo, katundu, ukalamba, kutuluka kwa madzi, ndi zina zomwe zingayambitse kusintha kosalekeza kwa chinyezi. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira kosalekeza ndi kuzindikira ndikofunikira ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa transformer. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pa ma transformer odzaza kwambiri kapena okwera kwambiri. Chinyezi chonse mu transformer insulation system chimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha cellulose ndi madzi. Ubale wa chinyezi pakati pa pepala loteteza kutentha ndi mafuta oteteza kutentha umadalira kutentha kokha. Pamene kutentha kukukwera, kusungunuka kwa madzi mu mafuta oteteza kutentha (mphamvu yosungira madzi ya yankho) kumawonjezeka, ndipo madzi amasamutsidwa kuchokera pa pepala loteteza kutentha kupita ku mafuta oteteza kutentha.

Kutentha kukatsika, njira imeneyi imasinthasintha, koma kuyenda kwa madzi kuchokera ku chinthu chamadzimadzi kupita ku chinthu cholimba chotetezera kutentha kumakhala kochedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa madzi mu mafuta otetezera kutentha panthawi yozizira kumakhala kokwera kuposa komwe kumatenthedwa. Chifukwa chake, kuti mumvetse bwino momwe chinyezi chimagawidwira mu transformer, ndikofunikira kudziwa malo a chipangizocho mu kayendedwe ka kutentha kwake. Kuti mumvetse chinyezi chenicheni cha pepala lotetezera kutentha poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mu chinthu chamadzimadzi, transformer iyenera kukhala mu mkhalidwe wokhazikika wa kutentha.

Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mafuta otetezera kutentha kuyenera kulinganizidwa chifukwa chinyezi m'mafuta otetezera kutentha chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa kutentha ndipo pali kutentha kwina mu bokosi lalikulu la transformer (nthawi zambiri pamwamba pa bokosilo pamakhala kotentha kuposa pansi). Kuti amalize kukhazikika, kusanthula kwa makina a akatswiri kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi pansi. Izi zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha komwe kwanenedwa ndi sensa ndi malo ake oyesera.

Kusanthulaku kumatanthauza kuti kutentha kwapamwamba kwa transformer ndi 10℃ kuposa kutentha kwa pansi. Ngati malo ena osati pamwamba kapena pansi agwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo oyesera zitsanzo, kusiyana kwa kutentha kuyenera kufotokozedwa. Kudzera mu kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha komwe kumayesedwa, dongosolo la akatswiri lidzakhala peresenti inayake ya kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimapezeka pa zotsatira za kuwerengera chinyezi cha pepala lotenthetsera. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuwerengera kumeneku kumachokera ku chidziwitso chochokera muyeso umodzi ndipo sikungawonetse kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa chinyezi cha pepala lotenthetsera, makamaka transformer ikasintha kwambiri kutentha.

Ngati makina a akatswiri atsimikiza kuti transformer ili mu mgwirizano (pepala loteteza silitulutsa kapena kuyamwa chinyezi), peresenti yachiwiri ya kuchuluka kwa madzi imawerengedwa, yomwe ndi avareji ya miyeso 30 yomaliza ya kuchuluka kwa madzi pamene transformer ili mu mgwirizano. Kutentha ndi kusiyana komwe kwalembedwa pamwambapa kumatsimikizira njira zodziwira kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa mgwirizano.

Tili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zoyesera za Transformer oil test, monga: Interfacial Tension Tester, Oil Particle Counter tester, Pour point test etc. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, chonde titumizireni uthenga momasuka.