1, Kapangidwe ka dongosolo la mphamvu

(1) Mphamvu yamagetsi

Malinga ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi zachuma zomwe zatchulidwa

Dongosolo logwirizana limatchedwa dongosolo lamagetsi. Dongosolo lamagetsi limaphatikizaponso ma relay kuti atsimikizire kuti likugwira ntchito bwino komanso modalirika

Chitetezo ndi chitetezo chipangizo chodziyimira chokha, kutumiza makina odziyimira pawokha, kulumikizana ndi machitidwe ena othandizira (omwe amatchedwanso machitidwe achiwiri). Zofunikira pa Mphamvu ya Makina

Ntchito yake ndi kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zokwanira, zodalirika, zoyenera komanso zotsika mtengo.

（2） Netiweki yamagetsi yamagetsi

Gawo la makina amagetsi lomwe limatumiza, kusintha ndi kugawa mphamvu zamagetsi limatchedwa gridi yamagetsi. Gridi yamagetsi imaphatikizapo gridi yotumizira ndi kugawa

Webusaiti.

Ntchito yaikulu ya netiweki yotumizira mauthenga ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu ya magetsi kuchokera ku malo opangira magetsi omwe ali kutali ndi malo osungira katundu kudzera mu transformer ndikudutsa

Chingwe chotumizira magiya champhamvu chimatumizidwa ku malo osungira magiya omwe ali pafupi ndi malo otumizira magiya. Nthawi yomweyo, chingwe chotumizira magiya chimalumikizanso makina amagetsi oyandikana nawo ndi

Ndi ntchito ya malo olumikizirana a ma Hub substations omwe ali pafupi.

Netiweki yogawa magetsi ndi netiweki yamagetsi yomwe imagawa magetsi mwachindunji kuchokera ku siteshoni yocheperako kupita kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kawirikawiri, netiweki yogawa magetsi imagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

Volti, ma voltage apakati ndi ma network ogawa ma voltage otsika. Ku China, ma voltage a network yogawa ma voltage apamwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala a network yogawa ma voltage apakati.

Mphamvu yamagetsi ya netiweki yogawa yamagetsi otsika nthawi zambiri imakhala yamagetsi anayi a magawo atatu

2, Makhalidwe a ntchito ya dongosolo la mphamvu

Choyamba, chuma chonse ndi chachikulu. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa chuma cha makampani opanga magetsi ku China kwapitirira 200 biliyoni, zomwe zikutanthauza gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a chuma chonse cha boma. Kupanga magetsi kumakhudza mwachindunji chitukuko chabwino cha chuma cha dziko.

Chachiwiri ndi nthawi imodzi, kaya mphamvu yamagetsi ingasungidwe mochuluka, umodzi wa cholumikizira chilichonse ndi wosagawanika, ndipo njira yosinthira imakhala yachangu kwambiri. Mphamvu yopangidwa nthawi yomweyo iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, kotero cholumikizira chilichonse chopangira, kutumiza, ndi kugawa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ndichofunikira kwambiri.

Chachitatu, kupanga magetsi kumakhala kogwirizana kwambiri komanso kogwirizana. Kaya magetsi ndi makampani ambiri opereka magetsi ndi magetsi, gridi yamagetsi iyenera kukhala yogwirizana potumiza, miyezo yoyendetsera ndi njira zoyendetsera; Pali zofunikira zokhwima pakupanga bwino, kulamulira bungwe, ndi makhalidwe abwino pantchito.

Chachinayi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zolinga za ntchito za makampani opanga magetsi ndi zonse, zomwe zimakhudza anthu onse m'dera lonselo. Ubwino wa magetsi ndi mtengo wake zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zofuna za ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri.

Chachisanu, chuma cha dziko chiyenera kukhala patsogolo pakupanga magetsi.

3, Voteji yovomerezeka ya dongosolo la mphamvu

Mphamvu ya magetsi ya gridi yamagetsi imayesedwa. Mphamvu ya magetsi ya gridi yamagetsi imapangidwa ndikulengezedwa ndi boma pambuyo pofufuza mokwanira ndi kuwonetsa malinga ndi zosowa za chitukuko cha zachuma cha dziko, kulingalira kwa ukadaulo ndi chuma, kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zina.

Pakadali pano, mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC yapamwamba kwambiri ku China ndi 1000KV, yomwe idayamba kugwira ntchito kuchokera ku Changzhi kupita ku Jingmen pa Disembala 30, 2008; Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya DC yapamwamba kwambiri ku China ndi 500KV, kuphatikiza Gezhouba – Shanghai Nanqiao Line, Tianshengqiao – Guangzhou Line, Guizhou – Guangdong Line, ndi Three Gorges – Guangdong Line.

Pakadali pano, ma voltage omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China ndi 220V, 380V, 6kV, 10kV, 35kV, 110kV, 220kV, 330kV, 500kV ndi 1000KV. Pakati pawo, ma voltage a 10KV ndi pansi pake amatchedwa ma power distribution lines, ndipo ma voltage a 35KV ndi pamwamba pake amatchedwa ma power transmission lines. Imafotokozanso kuti ma voltage omwe ali pamwamba pa 1KV ndi "high voltage", ma voltage omwe ali pansi pa 1KV ndi "low voltage", ndipo ma voltage otetezeka ndi 36V ndi pansi pake.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yovotera ya zida zamagetsi imagwirizana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Ndipotu, chifukwa cha kutayika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi mumagetsi, mphamvu yeniyeni pamalo aliwonse imasiyana ndi mphamvu yovotera. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zida zamagetsi zikugwira ntchito bwino, n'zoonekeratu kuti zida zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yogwira ntchito yochuluka kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi yovotera yamagetsi yololedwa. Mphamvu yamagetsi yovotera ya jenereta nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera ndi 5% kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi yovotera yamagetsi yofanana kuti ibwezeretse kutayika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi pamagetsi.

Voliyumu yovotera ya transformer imagawidwa m'ma windings oyambira ndi achiwiri. Pa winding yoyambirira, transformer ikalumikizidwa kumapeto kwa gridi, imakhala yofanana ndi katundu pa gridi (monga transformer yotsika pansi pa fakitale), kotero voltage yake yovotera ndi yofanana ndi ya gridi. Transformer ikalumikizidwa ku chotulutsira jenereta (monga transformer yokwera pamwamba pa plant), voltage yake yovotera iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi ya jenereta. Pa winding yachiwiri, voltage yovotera ya winding yachiwiri ya transformer iyenera kukhala yokwera ndi 5% kuposa voltage yovotera ya gridi poganizira kutayika kwa voltage yake (kuwerengedwa ndi 5%) pamene transformer yayikidwa. Pamene mtunda wotumizira mbali yachiwiri uli wautali, kutayika kwa voltage ya mzere (kuwerengedwa ndi 5%) kuyeneranso kuganiziridwa. Pakadali pano, voltage yovotera ya winding yachiwiri iyenera kukhala yokwera ndi 10% kuposa voltage yovotera ya gridi.